VERTEBRAL COLUMN & SPINAL CORD BY MS BINDU

The vertebral column is composed of a series of 31 separate bones known as vertebrae. The length of the spinal cord is much shorter as co.mpared to the length of the vertebral column.The Vertebral column (spinal column) supports the head and encloses the spinal cord.

ROOT SYSTEM BY MS. BINDU

The radicle of the embryo develops to primary or tap root. The tap root growsvertically down the soil. The primary root branches and rebranches to producesecondary and tertiary root respectively. The tap roots with these branches altogether constitute the tap root system. It is also a characteristic feature of thedicot plants. The adventitious roots are those developed from the plant parts other than the radicle of the embryo. Adventitious roots along with the branches and rebranches together constitute the adventitious root system. The adventitious root modified to perform food storage, mechanical support and some other vital functions.


                                              

OVIPAROUS &VIVIPAROUS ANIMALS BY MS.BINDU

OVIPAROUS &VIVIPAROUS

                             

 

                                                      

  

  

                                                                       

PORTION FOR CLASS TEST BY MS BINDU

1) Characteristics of living things.
2)Classification of living things.
3)Measurements(marked topics).
4)Estimates of measurements(marked topics).


Questions will include a combination of objectives(fill ups,matching columns,true/false etc),one sentence answers,name or write terms,brief answers,draw diagrams,scientific reasons,distinguish etc.

TOTAL MARKS-20
TIME-50mins

TREE FACTS BY MS. BINDU

 Most Dangerous Tree

There’s an official Guinness World Record for “World’s Most Dangerous Tree,” and it’s held by the manchineel tree from the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. The manchineel’s bark is covered in sap that causes skin to blister and can blind a person if it gets in their eyes. Even standing under the tree in the rain can cause blisters because the sap will drip onto skin.
The tree’s fruit, known as the “beach apple” or “death apple,” is slightly sweet but very painful to eat. Ulceration of the mouth and esophagus will occur from just a small bite and consumption can be lethal. Smoke from burning manchineel wood can cause blindness, and the sap has historically been used to coat arrows for hunting. Today it’s an endangered species in Florida.
                                     

NON FLOWERING PLANTS BY MS. BINDU

Evergreens

Flowering plants follow a cycle that relies on the seasons, first producing green leaves during the growing season with flowers that attract insects, animals and birds, then losing their leaves in the winter, conserving their energy during the season while prospective pollinators and liquid water are less available. Non-flowering plants, such as conifers, also shut down partially in the winter but remain green and can photosynthesize, given ample opportunity. These nonflowering plants help ensure a consistent look in a landscape throughout the year.

                                       

             

Flowers are the structures most plants use for sexual reproduction, producing seeds that ensure successive generations. But some plants don't produce flowers and must reproduce in other ways, such as with spores or seeds that are produced on other plant structures. From small ferns to tall conifers, flowerless plants are a diverse group

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SLOTHS-----ARBOREAL WONDERS BY MS. BINDU

Sloths are extremely slow-moving mammals found in the rainforest canopies of Central and South America. There are two species of sloths:two-toed and three-toed. Most sloths are about the size of a small dog and they have short, flat flat heads. Their hair is grayish brown but, at times they look grey-green in color because they move so slowly that tiny camouflaging algae grow all over their coats.Some sloths stay in the same tree for years. Their huge hooked claws and long arms allow them to spend most of their time hanging upside-down from trees. Since they have a slow metabolism, they need very little food. They feed on fruit, leaves, buds, and young twigs. Sloths also sleep upside-down for up to 18 hours at a time. Mothers also give birth to babies upside-down. Babies cling to their mothers until they are able to take care of themselves.Sloths are nocturnal and sleep curled up with their head placed between the arms and the feet drawn close together. This disguises them as part of a tree so that its enemies like the jaguar do not see them. Sloths rarely climb down from the trees and can live for up to 30 years.

                                     

                                               

                                            

ARBOREAL ANIMALS BY MS.BINDU

Arboreal animals are creatures who spend the majority of their lives in trees. They eat, sleep and play in the tree canopy. There are thousands of species that live in trees, including monkeys, koalas, possums, sloths, various rodents, parrots, chameleons, geckos, tree snakes and a variety of insects. Many animals have evolved special adaptations to aid their arboreal lifestyles.

Limbs and Tails

Many arboreal animals have elongated limbs that allow them to swing efficiently from branch to branch. Many monkey species show this anatomical adaptation. Several creatures have long tails -- called prehensile tails -- that can grasp branches and act as an extra limb. Spider monkeys, possums and chameleons are examples of animals that use their tails to help move and stabilize themselves in the tree canopy.

COVERING ON THE BODY OF VERTEBRATES BY MS. BINDU

                         

Porcupine Facts

Porcupines are classified as mammals and rodents. They are also called “quill pigs” which is what their name means in Latin. There are about two dozen species of porcupine and most of these live in the deciduous and coniferous forests of North America and Canada. They are nocturnal animals that are active primarily at night and live up to 18 years. Keep reading for more interesting porcupine facts.

• When not in trees or feeding, porcupines prefer the protection of a den. Dens can be found in rock crevices, caves, hollow logs, abandoned mines, and even under houses and barns. When porcupines are on the ground, they shuffle and waddle along.
• They are short, fat, and covered with as many as 30,000 spiny quills. All porcupines have quills. Africa’s crested porcupine has quills that are nearly a foot long (30 cm). Porcupines have soft hair, but on their back, sides, and tail it is usually mixed with sharp quills. The quills lie flat, but will spring up if the porcupine is threatened.
• The porcupine cannot shoot its quills at a predator, but the quills will detach from the porcupine relatively easily. An animal that attacks a porcupine will usually end up with a face full of quills.
• Quills have sharp tips and overlapping scales or barbs that make them difficult to remove once they are stuck in another animal’s skin. Porcupines grow new quills to replace the ones they lose.
• From the tip of the nose to the end of the tail, a porcupine can be from 33 to 46 inches (80 to 115 cm) long. They can weigh from 12 to 35 lbs (5 to 16 kg).
• Porcupines make shrill screeches, whines, and low grunts to communicate.

CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS BY MS.BINDU

VERTEBRATES;

• These are animals having backbone.
• Many of them have a shell like exoskeleton to protect soft bodies.
• Most of them are oviparous.Mammals are viviparous.                                                                    

INVERTEBRATES;

• These are animals without backbone or vertebral column.
• They have hair, feathers, scales etc as exoskeleton.
• All of them are oviparous.
  

        

LIVING THINGS BY MS BINDU

DID YOU KNOW?

Sprouts are alkaline ,whole,pure & natural foods.They are the cheapest & most convinient source of complete nourishment.These are easy to digest as the seeds' enzymes do most of the digestion& make it more nutritious by providing all essential minerals & vitamins.SO MAKE THEM PART OF YOUR DAILY DIET.